Built-in Functions

ZPy provides the following built-in functions.

Module Documentation:

• File System - File and directory operations
• JSON - JSON parsing and serialization
• YAML - YAML parsing and serialization
• CSV - CSV file operations
• HTTP - HTTP client requests
• OS - Operating system utilities
• Math - Mathematical functions
• Subprocess - External process execution
• Multiprocessing - ZPy script parallelization
• Socket - Network socket programming

Output

print(values...)

Prints values to stdout, separated by spaces.

print("Hello, World!")
print(1, 2, 3)           # 1 2 3
print("x =", 5)          # x = 5

Type Functions

type(value)

Returns the type name as a string.

type(42)        # "int"
type(3.14)      # "float"
type("hello")   # "string"
type(true)      # "bool"
type(none)      # "none"
type([1, 2])    # "list"
type({"a": 1})  # "dict"

len(value)

Returns the length of a string, list, or dictionary.

len("hello")        # 5
len([1, 2, 3])      # 3
len({"a": 1, "b": 2})  # 2

Type Conversion

int(value)

Converts a value to an integer.

int("42")       # 42
int(3.7)        # 3
int(true)       # 1
int(false)      # 0

float(value)

Converts a value to a float.

float("3.14")   # 3.14
float(42)       # 42.0

str(value)

Converts a value to a string.

str(42)         # "42"
str(3.14)       # "3.14"
str(true)       # "true"
str([1, 2])     # "[1, 2]"

bool(value)

Converts a value to a boolean.

bool(1)         # true
bool(0)         # false
bool("")        # false
bool("text")    # true
bool([])        # false
bool([1])       # true

List Functions

append(list, value)

Appends a value to the end of a list.

items = [1, 2, 3]
append(items, 4)
# items is now [1, 2, 3, 4]

delete(list, index) / delete(dict, key)

Removes an item from a list by index, or a key from a dictionary.

# List
items = [1, 2, 3, 4]
delete(items, 1)   # items is now [1, 3, 4]

# Dictionary
data = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
delete(data, "a")  # data is now {"b": 2}

Dictionary Functions

keys(dict)

Returns a list of keys in the dictionary.

person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}
keys(person)  # ["name", "age"]

values(dict)

Returns a list of values in the dictionary.

person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}
values(person)  # ["Alice", 30]

Iteration

range(stop)

Returns an iterator from 0 to stop-1.

for i in range(5):
    print(i)  # 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

range(start, stop)

Returns an iterator from start to stop-1.

for i in range(2, 6):
    print(i)  # 2, 3, 4, 5

range(start, stop, step)

Returns an iterator with a custom step.

for i in range(0, 10, 2):
    print(i)  # 0, 2, 4, 6, 8

for i in range(10, 0, -1):
    print(i)  # 10, 9, 8, ..., 1

Summary Table

Function	Description
print(...)	Print values to stdout
type(x)	Get type name
len(x)	Get length
int(x)	Convert to integer
float(x)	Convert to float
str(x)	Convert to string
bool(x)	Convert to boolean
append(list, val)	Append to list
delete(list, idx)	Remove item at index from list
delete(dict, key)	Remove key from dictionary
keys(dict)	Get dictionary keys
values(dict)	Get dictionary values
range(...)	Create number iterator